Officer casaulties in the US Army as a percentage of their strength in each branch was: Infantry 25.7 Armor & Mechanized Cavalry 17 She was executed by Nazis in Mauthausen). [39] Heydrich's superior, Heinrich Himmler, sent his personal physician, Karl Gebhardt, who flew to Prague and arrived that evening. A 2005 report by the German Red Cross put the death toll due to strategic bombing at 500,000. By Brian Todd Carey. Mittler, Frankfurt am Main 1969 Pages 258-266, Great patriotic war of the Soviet Union, 1941-1945: a general outline - Moscow: Progress Publishers, [1974] Page 392, Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Orthodox Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Photo of memorial outside door of the church, Reward poster for Sgt. What country killed the most German soldiers in World war 2? The Polish underground killed two senior SS officers in the General Government in Operation Kutschera and Operation Brkl; Wilhelm Kube, the General-kommissar of Belarus, was killed in Operation Blowup by Soviet partisan Yelena Mazanik, a Belarusian woman who had managed to find employment in his household to kill him. information on burial sites and memorials of both wars. The estimate by West German government in November 1949 for Germany in 1937 borders was 450,000 killed in bombing and 50,000 in ground fighting. This list may not reflect recent changes. Based on information available in January 1946, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. put German military dead at 3,250,000. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. Overy maintains that the German estimates are based on incorrect speculations for losses during the final months of the war when there was a gap in the record keeping system. The operatives who carried out the assassination were soldiers of the Czechoslovak Army who were prepared and trained by the British Special Operations Executive with the approval of the Czechoslovak government-in-exile, led by Edvard Bene. pp. [46] According to this theory, based on statements made by Paul Fildes, a Porton Down botulism researcher, the No. This was a show of his confidence in the occupation forces and in the effectiveness of his government. [44], One of the theories was that some of the horsehair in the upholstery of Heydrich's car was forced into his body by the blast of the grenade, causing a systemic infection. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. The takeover of these regions was accepted by the United Kingdom and France in the Munich Agreement. [38] A Dr. Slanina packed the chest wound, while Dr. Walter Diek, the Sudeten German chief of surgery at the hospital, tried to remove the shrapnel splinters. The battle casualtry loss rate by rank for the US Army in World War II was: General Officer and all field grades 35 Captain 53 1st Lieutenant 105 2nd Lieutenant 204 Warrant Officer 8. Bevlkerungsbilanzen fr die deutschen Vertreibungsgebiete 1939/50.Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt - Wiesbaden. (.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN9783881990738) Pages 1508-1511, 1-These statistics include losses of the Waffen SS as well as Volkssturm and paramilitary serving with the regular forces.[22]. The losses of civilians from East-Central Europe in the 1945 are included with the expulsion dead, the German Archives report of 1974 estimated 150,000 violent deaths of civilians in East-Central Europe during the 1945 military campaign. [162] However, there are fringe groups who attempt to trivialize the crimes of the Hitler period by comparing German losses to the Holocaust. Hitler attended the Berlin ceremony and placed the German Order and Blood Order medals on Heydrich's funeral pillow. Losses Reported by OKW September1 1939 April30 1945 (For all branches of service), Source: Mller-Hillebrand Das Heer 19331945 Vol 3. [52] In March the daily rate of POWs taken on the Western Front was 10,000;[53] in the first 14 days of April it rose to 39,000[54] and in the last 16 days the average peaked at 59,000 soldiers captured each day. 3-Included in these statistics are 322,807 POWs held by the US and UK. A 1990 study by the East German historian. [110] Of these 1,647,200 were in the army and 473,800 were in the naval forces. Estimated figures for German World War II casualties are divergent and contradictory. [152]:12, The Austrian government provides the following information on human losses during the rule of the Nazis. Top Presse- und Informationsamt. The operation was initiated by Frantiek Moravec, head of the Czechoslovak intelligence services, with the knowledge and approval of Bene, almost as soon as Heydrich was appointed Protector. Since the collapse of communism previously classified documentation regarding German military casualties became available to German researchers. According to Overmans there is no reliable data on losses of Soviet volunteers[42] Russian military historian G. I. Krivosheev estimated losses in the Wehrmacht of volunteer formations and SS troops (Vlasovites, Balts, Muslims etc.) Operation Anthropoid was the only successful government-organized assassination of a top-ranking Nazi official. The official German figures for the final months of the war include the inflated total of 60,000 deaths from the, Overy based his analysis on data in German archival sources for the years 1940-1942 and the Civilian Defense Division report of. [8] However, there is a more recent estimate of 22,000 civilians killed during the fighting in Berlin only. Originally, the plane had been planned to land near Pilsen, but the aircrew had navigation problems and each of the groups landed in different places from where intended. A September 1942 declaration by the French National Committee suggested that the agreement was void ab initio as it had come about under threat of aggression and recognizing no changes in Czechoslovakia's borders since 1938.[72][73]. Kubi received a minor wound to his face from the shrapnel. Included in the total of 635,000 air raid dead were losses for Germany in 1937 borders which totaled 593,000. - Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1958. Mai 1974. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. Following the Band III. -Germans remaining in Poland in October 1946 were 1,750,000, but by 1950 the number had been reduced to 1,100,000 because of expulsions after October 1946. [61], It is worth noting that the allied armies which captured the 2.8 million German soldiers up to April 30, 1945, while Adolf Hitler was still alive and resisting as hard as he could, comprised at their peak 88 divisions,[62] with a peak strength in May 1945 of 2,639,377 in the US and 1,095,744 in the British and Canadian forces. [6][7], Heydrich came to Prague to "strengthen policy, carry out countermeasures against resistance", and keep up production quotas of Czech motors and arms that were "extremely important to the German war effort". Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, Page 32, Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. (B) Includes 3,404,949 disarmed enemy forces. Bacque presents his arguments with a description of the horrific conditions at the Rheinwiesenlager POW camps and eyewitness accounts of retired US military officers. 4-The figures for Army wounded add up to 4,219,211. "Many a German walked mile after mile before finding an American not too occupied with other duties to bother to accept his surrender. We are Czechs! Some 16,000 Austrians were killed in prison, while over 67,000 Austrian Jews were deported to death camps, only 2,000 of them lived to see the end of the war. Who of the German officers who were assassinated had the Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. 2-These statistics include casualties of the volunteer forces from the Soviet Union. However, in Poland it is viewed by some as an attempt to reopen the wounds of the war and to revert to pre-war borders. Nikdy se nevzdme, slyte? ), Indicative of the huge discrepancy are the. [7] During his role as de facto dictator of Bohemia and Moravia, Heydrich often drove with his chauffeur in a car with an open roof. 73 anti-tank grenade used in the attack had been modified to contain the toxin. Ji ulc's novel Dva proti i (literally Two Men Against The Empire) describes the events long before the assassination, assassination itself, its consequences and a detailed look at the life of the Czech resistance and exiled paratroopers in the Protectorate. At 10:30 on 27 May 1942, Heydrich started his daily commute from his home in Panensk Beany, 14km (9mi) north of central Prague, to his headquarters at Prague Castle. Discussions on High Command, strategy and the Armed Forces (Wehrmacht) in general. Frumkin put total German military dead and missing at 3,975,000: Germany (1937 borders) 3,500,000; Austria 230,000; 200,000 Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia; 40,000 from France, 3,700 from the Netherlands; 700 from Norway and 398 from Denmark. Volume 46 Beitrge zur Militrgeschichte. WebFor instance, Col. Gen. Alfred Jodl, one of the top officers at the negotiations for Germany's surrender, was later charged with a number of crimes, including supporting the use of Their figures include Austria and conscripted ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe. One of those is the Unknown Soldier who rests in the Tomb of the Unknown at Arlington Cemetery. The story of Operation Anthropoid is narrated in a short Czech comic book titled Atentt (The Assassination), created in 1976 by brothers Jan Saudek and Kja Saudek. [165] The Federation of Expellees initiated the formation of the Center Against Expulsions. [166] The former President of Germany Joachim Gauck and the former German chancellor Angela Merkel have voiced support for the Center Against Expulsions. The Russian NKVD tortured a great by Lornito Uriarte Mahinay Jr. 19 Apr 2008, 11:42, Post Orthodox Cathedral of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia, "Decision Making in Using Assassinations in International Relations", "Top Nazi Mercedes ends in Danish museum was the center of mortal attack", "Pro vsadk Gabk nevystelil? "[68] For comparison, in the Battle of Halbe on the Eastern Front from 24 April to 1 May 1945, over 30,000 German soldiers, out of a much smaller number encircled, were killed fighting the Red Army.[69]. The Slovak National Museum opened an exhibition in May 2007 to commemorate the heroes of the Czech and Slovak resistance, one of the most important resistance actions in the whole of German-occupied Europe. -Germans remaining abroad-Includes expelled Germans who had emigrated to other countries or were in Denmark. WebThe report of G. I. Krivosheev shows that of all the men serving in the military during the war, there were about 4,559,000 reported missing (including 3,396,400 per field reports and an additional 1,162,600 estimated by Krivosheev), out of which 500,000 were missing and presumed dead, 939,700 were conscripted back into the Soviet army during the by tigre 10 Apr 2008, 03:30, Post He points out that the figures for air raid dead in the last three months of the war were estimated in the West German figures at 300,000, which includes the deaths of 135,000 eastern refugees fleeing westward, Overy believes that this is not plausible. Many evil people have the distinction of being 83,307 dead; 57,258 missing and 118,127 wounded. A. OKW figures from 9/1/1939 to 12/31/1944, Source: Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, Page78, B. It is now known that they did not survive the war, Rdiger Overmans believes that more than likely they died in Soviet custody. It was created in 1947 by an ex-soldier of the Czechoslovak army-in-exile, Frantiek Blsk and is dedicated to the paratroopers, the clergymen, and other Czech patriots who died for the sake of the operation. The wartime military casualty figures compiled by German High Command, up until January 31, 1945, are often cited by military historians when covering individual campaigns in the war. [4] Heydrich, his face pale and contorted in pain, pointed toward the fleeing Slovak, saying, "Get that bastard! The bombing of Dresden and the bombing campaign in general has been a topic of discussion in post-war Germany. The missing (697,319) does not include confirmed deaths in captivity, however on page 288 Overmans mentions 400,000 missing in the East in 1945 and states that this figure of missing was based on his finding that two thirds of deaths during the "final battles" occurred in the East of Germany. In the post-war era the military search service Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) has been responsible for providing information for the families of those military personnel who were killed or went missing in the war. The gap in vital statistics between the middle of 1944 and the end of 1945 was estimated. [169], Estimates indicate that at least 40,000 war casualties are found a year. [133] Not included in these figures are civilians who died in the fighting and atrocities in East-Prussia (Konigsberg, Pillau), Pommerania (Danzig, Kolberg) and Silesia (Breslau). The number of dead and wounded on both sides was about equal. See also: German prisoners of war in northwest Europe, German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union and German prisoners of war in the United States, The fates of German prisoners of war have been a concern in post war Germany. The figures include those killed in the 1945 military campaign and the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union. ", German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. by tigre 19 Apr 2008, 15:10, Post Deutsche Kriegsgefangene des Zweiten Weltkrieges. MacDonald, C (1993), The Last Offensive: The European Theater of Operations.CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY UNITED STATES ARMY WASHINGTON, D. C., 1993. Bevlkerungsbilanzen fr die deutschen Vertreibungsgebiete 1939/50. Mainly for this reason, estimates of total dead in World War II vary anywhere from 35,000,000 to 60,000,000a statistical difference of no small import. [160] The research of Rdiger Overmans puts military losses of ethnic Germans at 534,000. The exiled government of Czechoslovakia under President Edvard Bene was under pressure from British intelligence, as there had been very little visible resistance since the occupation of the Sudeten regions of the country in 1938. [58][59], In the days following the Lidice massacre, no leads were found for those responsible for Heydrich's death. The project sought to determine total deaths and their cause, when and in which theatre of war the losses occurred as well as a demographic profile of the men who served in the war. The tight curve there would force Heydrich's car to slow down as it turned westwards into V Holeovikch. -Net emigration of foreign population - The Statistisches Bundesamt pointed out that this was a rough estimate. - Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1958 pp.45-6, Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940 - 1945: 8 Bde. (transl. Nikdy se nevzdme! O'Connor was captured by a German reconnaissance patrol during the night of 7 April 1941, and spent over two years in an Italian prisoner of war camp. [71], A humanitarian organisation, known as (German: Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgrberfrsorge, lit. Soviet sources claimed that "In 1945 the German Army lost more than 1,000,000 men killed on the Soviet-German front alone."[34]. Rhm was Hitlers right-hand man as head of the Sturmabteilung (SA, the Brownshirts), the Nazi paramilitary wing. A Gestapo report suggested Lidice was the hiding place of the assassins, since several Czech army officers exiled in England were known to have come from there. WebAlfred Jodl (ca. "[73], Based on Soviet sources Krivosheev put German losses on the Eastern Front from 1941-1945 at 6,923,700 men: including killed 4,137,100, taken prisoner 2,571,600 and 215,000 dead among Russian volunteers in the Wehrmacht. Some of the captured German generals are seen here at Trent Park There are thought to be only two "secret listeners" left alive from an original group of about 100. Never! This figure is included in the schedule above. Nikdy!" State Secretary in the German. Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt - Wiesbaden. According to the report of General George Marshall issued in 1945 the "breakdown of German and Italian losses against American, British, and French forces" in the war in Europe was as follows: Source of figures: Biennial report of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War: July 1, 1943, to June 30, 1945[106], (A) 252,415 Germans and Italians were captured in Tunisia[107] According to the Imperial War Museum Following the Italian surrender in 1943, 100,000 Italians volunteered to work as 'co-operators'. [39] Two of the six original modified grenades are kept by the Military History Institute in Prague. Czechs in World War II", "The attentat on SS Obergruppenfhrer Reinhard Heydrich", "Jsme ei! There are 473 Medal of Honor recipients from the war. This is assumed to include the following regions listed by the Japanese Relief Bureau: Bonin Islands, Okinawa, Formosa (Taiwan), Islands of Central Pacific. Oldenbourg 2000. (over 300,000 plus 1,500,000. [124], 2- The section Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy of October 31, 1945 put the losses at 375,000 killed and 625,000 wounded[125][126], 3-The section The Effect of Bombing on Health and Medical Care in Germany of January 1947 made a preliminary calculated estimate of air raid dead at 422,000[127][126] According to the report "no complete and accurate figures on German civilian air raid casualties, covering the entire period of the war, are available". Page72. Maurice Rose: The Highest Ranking US Officer Killed By the Enemy The West German government set up a unified body the Suchdienst (search service) of the German churches working in conjunction with the, In 1974, the West German Federal Archive (, In his 2000 study of German military casualties Rdiger Overmans found 344,000 additional military deaths of Germans from the, The German historians Hans Henning Hahn and Eva Hahn have published a detailed study of the flight and expulsions that is sharply critical of official German accounts of the cold war era. Article: May 27, 1942 -- Highest Ranking Nazi Killed in WWII Two years after Heydrich's death, Operation Foxley, a similar assassination plan, was drawn up against Hitler, but not implemented. [28][29] The explosion shattered the windows of the tram, which had stopped on the opposite side of the road, shrapnel striking terrified passengers. [17] They also brought along urda, who tried to get them to surrender by shouting: "Kamardi, vzdejte se! [137], See Also: Flight and expulsion of Germans (194450) and Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, Civilian deaths, due to the flight and expulsion of Germans and the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, are sometimes included with World War II casualties. Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg, Bd. [43] WebOn September 29-30, 1941, SS and German police units and their auxiliaries, under the jurisdiction of Einsatzgruppe C, murdered the Jewish population of Kiev at Babi Yar, a Geschichte der deutschen Bevolkerung seit 1815 Steiner, Franz Verlag 1998, Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, figure includes 3,760,000 military dead and missing; Civilian deaths: 410,000 in air war; 20,000 in military campaign and 1,260,000 expellee deaths east of the, Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Five US generals killed in action - BBC News This list may not reflect recent changes . [43] After the collapse of communism, data from the Soviet Archives became available concerning the deaths of German POWs in the USSR. Deaths of POW were 450,600 including 356,700 in NKVD camps and 93,900 in transit. Comrades, surrender! [164] The Federation of Expellees has represented the interests of Germans from Eastern Europe. WebI start with World War II because more (individual) records are available and I assume people are more interested in it. [70][71] On 5 August 1942, British foreign secretary Anthony Eden issued a declaration that Germany had destroyed the Munich Agreement. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The German historian Martin Broszat (former head of Institute of Contemporary History in Munich) described Nawratil's writings as "polemics with a nationalist-rightist point of view", and that Nawratil "exaggerates in an absurd manner the scale of 'expulsion crimes'". Previously it was reported that 70,000 persons were murdered in the euthanasia program, recent research in the archives of the former East Germany indicate that the number of victims in Germany and Austria was about 200,000. For instance, in the battle of the Ruhr Pocket, there were about 10,000 fatalities on the German side (including prisoners of war in German captivity, foreign forced laborers, Volkssturm militia and unarmed civilians),[67] whereas about 317,000 Germans surrendered.

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